- Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zachipatala
- Kugwiritsa ntchito minofu engineering
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha
- Kukongola ntchito
Collagen ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni oyera, opaque, opanda nthambi, omwe amapezeka makamaka pakhungu, mafupa, cartilage, mano, tendons, ligaments ndi mitsempha ya magazi a nyama.Ndilofunika kwambiri puloteni yamapangidwe a minofu yolumikizana, ndipo imagwira ntchito yothandizira ziwalo ndi kuteteza thupi.M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko cha luso la collagen m'zigawo ndi kafukufuku wozama pa kapangidwe kake ndi katundu, ntchito yachilengedwe ya collagen hydrolysates ndi polypeptides yadziwika pang'onopang'ono.Kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito collagen kwakhala malo opangira kafukufuku pazamankhwala, chakudya, zodzoladzola ndi mafakitale ena.
Collagen ndi mapuloteni achilengedwe a thupi.Imakhala ndi kuyanjana kwakukulu kwa mamolekyu a protein pakhungu, antigenicity yofooka, biocompatibility yabwino komanso chitetezo cha biodegradation.Ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kuyamwa, ndipo imakhala ndi zomatira zabwino.Opaleshoni ya suture yopangidwa ndi collagen sikuti imakhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba yofanana ndi silika wachilengedwe, komanso imakhala ndi mphamvu.Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yophatikizira mapulateleti, mphamvu yabwino ya hemostatic, kusalala bwino komanso kukhazikika.Kulumikizana kwa suture sikumasuka, minofu ya thupi siwonongeka panthawi ya opaleshoni, ndipo imakhala yomatira bwino pachilonda.Munthawi yanthawi zonse, kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kukwaniritsa zotsatira zogwira mtima za hemostatic.Chifukwa chake collagen imatha kupangidwa kukhala ufa, lathyathyathya ndi spongy hemostatic.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopangira kapena collagen m'malo a plasma, khungu lopangira, mitsempha yamagazi, kukonza mafupa ndi mafupa opangira komanso onyamula ma enzyme osasunthika ndi kafukufuku wambiri komanso ntchito.
Collagen ili ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ochitapo kanthu pa unyolo wake wa peptide wa molekyulu, monga hydroxyl, carboxyl ndi magulu amino, omwe ndi osavuta kuyamwa ndikumanga ma enzyme ndi ma cell osiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse immobilization.Imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ogwirizana bwino ndi ma enzymes ndi ma cell komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu.Kuphatikiza apo, collagen ndiyosavuta kupanga ndikuipanga, kotero kolajeni yoyeretsedwa imatha kupangidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu, monga nembanemba, tepi, pepala, siponji, mikanda, ndi zina zambiri, koma kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a nembanemba kumanenedwa kwambiri.Kuphatikiza pa biodegradability, kutengeka kwa minofu, biocompatibility ndi antigenicity yofooka, nembanemba ya collagen imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu biomedicine.Ilinso ndi izi: hydrophilicity yamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri, mawonekedwe amtundu wa derma ndi kapangidwe kake, komanso kuthekera kwamadzi ndi mpweya.Bioplasticity yodziwika ndi mphamvu zamakokedwe apamwamba komanso ductility otsika;Ndi magulu ambiri ogwira ntchito, amatha kulumikizidwa moyenera kuti athe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa biodegradation.Kusintha solubility (kutupa);Imakhala ndi synergistic effect ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zigawo zina za bioactive.Angathe kuyanjana ndi mankhwala;Chithandizo cholumikizirana kapena ma enzymatic chodziwikiratu ma peptides chimatha kuchepetsa antigenicity, kutha kupatula tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kukhala ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi thupi, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zabwino zina.
Mafomu ogwiritsira ntchito kuchipatala ndi yankho lamadzi, gel, granule, siponji ndi filimu.Momwemonso, mawonekedwewa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa mankhwala pang'onopang'ono.Kutulutsidwa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mankhwala a collagen omwe avomerezedwa kuti azigulitsidwa pamsika ndipo akupangidwa makamaka amayang'ana kwambiri chithandizo cha anti-infection ndi glaucoma mu ophthalmology, chithandizo cham'deralo pakuvulala ndi kuwongolera matenda pakukonza zilonda, khomo lachiberekero dysplasia mu gynecology ndi anesthesia yakumaloko pakuchita opaleshoni. , ndi zina.
Imagawidwa kwambiri m'magulu onse a thupi la munthu, kolajeni ndi gawo lofunikira m'magulu onse ndipo limapanga matrix a extracellular (ECM), chomwe ndi chinthu chachilengedwe cha scaffold.Malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito kuchipatala, collagen yagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya scaffolds, monga khungu, fupa la mafupa, trachea ndi scaffolds zamagazi.Komabe, collagen yokha imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, omwe ndi ma scaffolds opangidwa ndi kolajeni koyera ndi ma scaffolds opangidwa ndi zigawo zina.Ma scaffolds oyera amtundu wa collagen ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi biocompatibility, kusinthika kosavuta, pulasitiki, ndipo amatha kulimbikitsa kumatira kwa ma cell ndikuchulukirachulukira, koma palinso zofooka monga kusachita bwino kwamakina a collagen, ovuta kuumba m'madzi, komanso kulephera kuthandizira kukonzanso minofu. .Kachiwiri, minofu yatsopano pamalo okonzekera idzatulutsa ma enzymes osiyanasiyana, omwe amatha hydrolyze collagen ndikupangitsa kuti ma scaffolds asokonekera, omwe amatha kupitilizidwa ndikulumikizana kapena kuphatikizika.Ma biomaterials opangidwa ndi collagen akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino muzinthu zopanga minofu monga khungu lopangira, fupa lopanga, ma cartilage grafts ndi ma catheters a mitsempha.Zowonongeka za cartilage zakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma collagen gels ophatikizidwa mu chondrocytes ndipo ayesa kugwirizanitsa maselo a epithelial, endothelial, ndi cornea ku masiponji a collagen kuti agwirizane ndi minofu ya cornea.Ena amaphatikiza ma cell tsinde kuchokera ku ma cell a mesenchymal omwe amakhala ndi collagen gel kuti apange tendon kuti akonze posttendinous.
Mankhwala opangira khungu opangidwa ndi minyewa yokhazikika yopangidwa ndi dermis ndi epithelium yokhala ndi kolajeni popeza matrix amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina operekera mankhwala ndi collagen monga gawo lalikulu, lomwe limatha kupanga njira yamadzi ya collagen mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yoperekera mankhwala.Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo zoteteza ma collagen a ophthalmology, masiponji a collagen pakuwotcha kapena kuvulala, tinthu tating'onoting'ono totulutsa mapuloteni, mitundu ya gel ya kolajeni, zida zowongolera zoperekera mankhwala kudzera pakhungu, ndi nanoparticles pakufalitsa majini.Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gawo lapansi laumisiri wa minofu kuphatikiza ma cell culture system, scaffold material for mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma valve opangira, etc.
Kuphatikizika kwa khungu la Autologous kwakhala mulingo wapadziko lonse wochizira matenda achiwiri - ndi achitatu.Komabe, kwa odwala omwe amawotcha kwambiri, kusowa kwa kulumikiza khungu koyenera kwakhala vuto lalikulu kwambiri.Anthu ena agwiritsa ntchito njira za bioengineering kukulitsa minofu yapakhungu ya ana kuchokera ku maselo a khungu la ana.Zopsa zimachira mosiyanasiyana mkati mwa milungu itatu mpaka miyezi 18, ndipo khungu lomwe langokula kumene limawonetsa kuchepa pang'ono komanso kukana.Ena ntchito kupanga poly-DL-lactate-glycolic acid (PLGA) ndi masoka kolajeni kukula atatudimensional khungu la munthu fibroblasts, kusonyeza kuti: Maselo anakula mofulumira mauna kupanga ndi kukula pafupifupi imodzi mkati ndi kunja, ndi kuchuluka maselo ndi obisika. matrix a extracellular anali ofanana kwambiri.Pamene ulusiwo unalowetsedwa kumbuyo kwa dermal makoswe, dermal minofu anakula pambuyo 2 milungu, ndi epithelial minofu anakula pambuyo 4 milungu.
Collagen imachokera ku khungu la nyama, khungu kuwonjezera pa collagen lilinso ndi hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate ndi proteoglycan ena, ali ndi magulu ambiri a polar, ndi chinthu chonyezimira, ndipo ali ndi zotsatira zolepheretsa tyrosine pakhungu kuti isasinthe. melanin, kotero collagen ali ndi moisturizing zachilengedwe, whitening, odana ndi makwinya, freckle ndi ntchito zina, akhoza ankagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kukongola.Kapangidwe kakemidwe ka Collagen ndi kapangidwe kake zimapangitsa kukhala maziko a kukongola.Collagen ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi khungu la munthu.Ndi mapuloteni osasungunuka m'madzi okhala ndi shuga.Mamolekyu ake ndi olemera mu chiwerengero chachikulu cha amino acid ndi magulu a hydrophilic, ndipo ali ndi ntchito zina zapamtunda komanso zogwirizana bwino.Pa chinyezi cha 70%, imatha kusunga 45% ya kulemera kwake.Mayesero awonetsa kuti yankho loyera la 0.01% collagen likhoza kupanga malo abwino osungira madzi, kupereka chinyezi chonse chomwe khungu limafunikira.
Ndi kukula kwa msinkhu, luso la kupanga la fibroblast limachepa.Ngati khungu lilibe kolajeni, ulusi wa kolajeni umakhala wokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mucoglycans.Khungu lidzataya kufewa, elasticity ndi luster, zomwe zimabweretsa kukalamba.Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito muzodzoladzola, yotsirizirayo imatha kufalikira mpaka pakhungu lakuya.Tyrosine yomwe ili nayo imapikisana ndi tyrosine pakhungu ndipo imamangiriza ku catalytic center ya tyrosinase, motero imalepheretsa kupanga melanin, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya collagen pakhungu, kusunga chinyezi cha stratum corneum ndi kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe ka fiber. , ndi kulimbikitsa kagayidwe ka minofu ya khungu.Lili bwino moisturizing ndi moisturizing zotsatira pakhungu.Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, bovine collagen ya jakisoni inayamba ku United States kuchotsa mawanga ndi makwinya ndi kukonza zipsera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-04-2023